Dr Lionakis is a physician-scientist and Chief of NIAID’s Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology. His bench-to-bedside research program investigates the genetic and immune defects of human susceptibility to fungi and the cellular and molecular factors that regulate antifungal immunity. His laboratory has defined precise genetic, biochemical, immunologic, and cellular disease mechanisms that have led to targeted immunotherapies. He has identified interferon-gammopathy as the driver of mucosal candidiasis and multiorgan autoimmunity in APECED and impaired microglial-neutrophil crosstalk as the driver of brain candidiasis in CARD9 deficiency. He has delineated novel inherited (CARD9 deficiency, STAT3 haploinsufficiency) and acquired (BTK and complement inhibitors) immunodeficiencies that cause fungal infections.